The Different Types of Wetsuits

Wetsuits have evolved into a variety of styles to accommodate any water sport. Originally used strictly by scuba divers, wet suits are now favored by kayakers in the Pacific Northwest, surfers off the Maui coast, as well as those scuba diving in the Bahamas. A wet suit does more for you than keep you warm. Make sure to match the style of wet suit to your water activity to get the most benefit.

Basic Wet Suit Construction

Wet suits are typically made of neoprene foam. A thin layer of water rests between you and the neoprene. Your body warms that layer of water and the insulating properties of the neoprene help trap that warmth. Water pulls heat away from your body so the wet suit protects you from that to keep you warm.

Openings at the wrists, ankles and neck let small amounts of water go in and out. Your body doesn't have to work as hard to keep the small amount of water against your skin warm. The thicker the neoprene, the warmer you will be.

Your wet suit gives you additional buoyancy in the water. You'll need more weight when scuba diving but for other activities, the added buoyancy can be a safety factor. The wet suit also provides protection for your body against sharp rocks, coral, and stinging marine creatures such as sea anemones.

Types of Wetsuits

When you walk into the dive shop you'll find a variety of wet suit styles. Pick the one that most fits the type of activity you'll be doing. A too heavy or too light wetsuit will keep you from fully enjoying the water.

Wetsuit Jackets and Vests - These are made of very thin neoprene. They are worn over a swimsuit for a little warmth and protection from the sun. These are good for warm water surfing and paddleboarding.

Shorty Wetsuits - Also called springsuits, this is a one-piece wet suit with short legs and sleeves. They aren't very thick and are ideal for diving in the Bahamas in the 80 degree water and for surfers and water skiers who want more protection than just a jacket or vest.

Swimskins - These are very thin, one piece wetsuits primarily for the athlete and swimmer who want some protection with the most freedom of movement.

Three-Quarter Wetsuits - This wet suit has short sleeves but full-length legs and is good for diving in cooler water conditions.

Full Suits - These go all the way up the arms and down the legs. They come in a variety of thickness such as 2mm for surfing and 7mm for scuba diving in cool water.

Farmer John - This suit covers the entire leg and are sleeveless. This is a good choice for someone who wants good mobility and will add a jacket, such as a kayaker.

Getting the Right Fit

Three factors are important when selecting a wet suit: the fit, thickness and coverage. The wet suit should fit snug yet allow water to come in. Too loose and it won't insulate you correctly. The thickness depends on the water temperature and amount of flexibility you need. Dive shops have charts comparing water temps with wetsuit thickness. How much of you the wet suit covers again depends on the temperature and flexibility you need.

A wet suit helps you stay comfortable and safe while enjoying the water. The right suit with the right fit will be almost unnoticeable. A poorly fitting wet suit that's too thick or thin can spoil the day. If you need help, most dive shops can fit you with the right wetsuit to enhance your water sport adventures.